Bhagavad Gita Chapter 8 Verse 18
भगवद् गीता अध्याय 8 श्लोक 18

अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे।
रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके।।8.18।।



English Translation - Swami Gambirananda
8.18 With the coming of day all manifested things emerge from the Unmanifest and when night comes they merge in that itself which is called the Unmanifested.


English Translation - Swami Sivananda
8.18 From the Unmanifested all the manifested (worlds) proceed at the coming of the day; at the coming of the night they dissolve verily into ï1thatï1 alone which is called the Unmanifested.


English Translation - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
8.18. While the day approaches, all manifestations issue forth from the unmanifest and while the night approaches they dissolve into the same that bears the name the unmanifest.


English Commentary  - Swami Sivananda
8.18 अव्यक्तात् from the Unmanifested? व्यक्तयः the manifested? सर्वाः all? प्रभवन्ति proceed? अहरागमे at the coming of day? रात्र्यागमे at the coming of night? प्रलीयन्ते dissolve? तत्र there? एव verily? अव्यक्तसंज्ञके in that which is called the Unmanifested.Commentary When Brahma awakes? all manifestations? moving and unmoving (animate and inanimate) stream forth at the coming of the day from the Avyakta or the Unmanifested. When Brahma goes to sleep? all the manifestations merge in the Unmanifested? for the cosmic night has set in.Coming of the day Commencement of creation.Coming of the night Commencement of dissolution. (Cf.IX.7and8)


English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's
8.18 Ahar-agame, with the coming of day, at the time when Brahma wakes; sarvah vyaktayah, all manifested things, all things that get manifested, all creatures characterized as moving and non-moving; prabhavanti, emerge, become manifested; avyaktat, from the Unmanifested-avyakta (Unmanifested) is the state of sleep of Prajapati; from that avyakta. Similarly, ratri-agame, when night comes, at the time when Brahma sleeps; praliyante, they, all the manifested things, merge; tatra eva, in that itself; avyakta-sanjnake, which is called the Unmanifested referred to above.
In order to obviate the defect of the emergence of some unmerited result and the destruction of merited results; [The following verse says that the very same multitude of beings continues in the different cycles of creation, and there-fore these two defects do not arise.] for pointing out the meaningfulness of the scriptures [For the earlier reason the scriptures do not lose their validity.] dealing with bondage and Liberation; and with a view to propounding detachment from the world on the ground that the helpless multitude of beings perishes after being born again and again under the influence of accumulated results of actions that have for their origin such evils as ignorance etc. [The five evils are: ignorance, egoism, attachment, aversion and clinging to life. (See P. Y. Su. 2.3)], the Lord says this:


English Translation of Commentary  - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
8.18 See Comment under 8.19


English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary
8.18 Thus, at the dawn of a day of Brahma, the manifest entities existing in the three worlds, possessing body, senses, objects, and places of enjoyment appear from the non-manifest (Avyakta), which is the condition of Brahmas body in that state, and at the beginning of the night they are dissolved into the condition of the unevolved (Avyakta) which forms the body of Brahma then.


Commentary  - Chakravarthi Ji
Those who are inferior,  residing within the three planetary systems, perish day after day. Madhusudana Sarasvati says: the word avyakta refers to Brahma in his sleeping state (not a total dissolution), since during the daily creation and dissolution of the universe, the elements remain intake. Then from a sleeping state (avyaktat), through Brahma, the places of enjoyment in the form of bodies and objects of enjoyment manifest (vyaktaya), or become suitable for use. At the coming of night, when Brahma sleeps, everything disappears within him.


Rudra Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

What subsequently is the  process?  Lord  Krishna  is  answering.  From  the
unmanifest form of the effect is the cause. Therefore  from  the  unmanifest
which is the cause, all created  beings,  moving  or  stationary  come  into
existence. When is this?  At  the  commencement  of  Brahmas  day  every  4
billion 320 million years and at the end of Brahmas day all created  beings
are merged back into the unmanifest for 4 billion 320  million  years.  This
verse  clarifies that the knowers of day and night also know  the  cycle  of
the unmanifest and the manifest and what happens to all created beings.


Brahma Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary



Shri Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary



Kumara Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary



Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 8.18Avyaktaadvyaktayah sarvaah prabhavantyaharaagame;
Raatryaagame praleeyante tatraivaavyaktasamjnake.


Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 8.18avyaktāt—from the unmanifested; vyaktayaḥ—the manifested; sarvāḥ—all; prabhavanti—emanate; ahaḥ-āgame—at the advent of Brahma’s day; rātri-āgame—at the fall of Brahma’s night; pralīyante—they dissolve; tatra—into that; eva—certainly; avyakta-sanjñake—in that which is called the unmanifest