Bhagavad Gita Chapter 2 Verse 15
भगवद् गीता अध्याय 2 श्लोक 15

यं हि न व्यथयन्त्येते पुरुषं पुरुषर्षभ।
समदुःखसुखं धीरं सोऽमृतत्वाय कल्पते।।2.15।।



हिंदी अनुवाद - स्वामी रामसुख दास जी ( भगवद् गीता 2.15)
।।2.15।।हे पुरुषोंमें श्रेष्ठ अर्जुन सुखदुःखमें सम रहनेवाले जिस धीर मनुष्यको ये मात्रास्पर्श (पदार्थ) व्यथा नहीं पहुँचाते वह अमर होनेमें समर्थ हो जाता है अर्थात् वह अमर हो जाता है।


English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's
2.15 What will happen to one who bears cold and heat? Listen: Verily, the person৷৷.,etc.
(O Arjuna) hi, verily; yam purusam, the person whom; ete, these, cold and heat mentioned above; na, do not; vyathayanti, torment, do not perturb; dhiram, the wise man; sama-duhkha-sukham, to whom sorrow and happiness are the same, who is free from happiness and sorrow when subjected to pleasure and pain, because of his realization of the enternal Self; sah, he, who is established in the realization of the enternal Self, who forbears the opposites; kalpate, becomes fit; amrtattvaya, for Immortality, for the state of Immortality, i.e. for Liberation.


English Translation of Commentary  - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
2.15 But, because all these different situations are of the nature of coming and going, on that account itself are they not to be lamented on ?  It is not so.  As for instance :  What is this which is termed  coming ?  If it is  birth, what is that  birth itself ?  It is wrong to say that is the same as gaining the self by what is non-existent.  For, to be of the nature of non-existence, is indeed to be devoid of every inherent nature and to be devoid of the very self.  If a thing is devoid of the self and devoid of every nature, how is it possible to convert it into what has an intrinsic nature ?  Surely, it is impossible to  convert  the non-blue into blue.  For, it is faulty and undesirable to covert  the non-blue into blue. For, it is faulty and undesirable to conclude that a thing  with certain in nature changes to be of a different nature.  Hence the scritpure goes -
 The intrinsic nature of beings would not cease to
exist, e.g., the heat of the sun. 
 On the other hand, if the birth signifies the gaining of self just by what [really] exists, even then, why the lamentability on its coming ?  For, what has gained a self, could never be non-existent and conseently it would be eternal.
 
Likewise, is the act of  going also meant for the existent or the non-existent ?  What is non-existent is just non-existent  [for ever.]  How can there be a non-existence-nature even in the case of  that which is of the existence-nature ?  If it is said that it is of the non-existence-nature in the second moment; [since its birth], then it should be so even in the first moment; and so nothing would be existent.  For, the intrinsic nature  [ever] remains unabandoned.
 
But is it not that the destruction of it  (i.e., of a given thing, like a pot) is brought about by the stroke of a hammer etc.?  Yet, if that destruction is altogether different [from the existent one i.e. the pot], then what does it matter for what is existent ?  But, it is not be seen  [at that time] ?  Yet, what is actually existent (pot) may not be seen just as when it is covered with a cloth; but it has not turned to be altogether different.  In fact, it has been said [in the scriptures] that this is not different  [from the existent].  Summarising all these, [the Lord] says -


English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary
2.15 That person endowed with courage, who considers pain as inevitable as pleasure, and who performs war and such other acts suited to his station in life without attachment to the results and only as a means of attaining immortality - one whom the impact of weapons in war etc., which involve soft or harsh contacts, do not trouble, that person only attains immortality, not a person like you, who cannnot bear grief. As the selves are immortal, what is to be done here, is this much only. This is the meaning.

Because of the immortality of the selves and the natural destructibility of the bodies, there is no cause for grief. It was told (previously):  The wise grieve neither for the dead nor for the living (2. 11). Now the Lord elucidates the same view.


Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 2.15Yam hi na vyathayantyete purusham purusharshabha;
Samaduhkha sukham dheeram so’mritatwaaya kalpate.


Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 2.15yam—whom; hi—verily; na—not; vyathayanti—distressed; ete—these; puruṣham—person; puruṣha-ṛiṣhabha—the noblest amongst men, Arjun; sama—equipoised; duḥkha—distress; sukham—happiness; dhīram—steady; saḥ—that person; amṛitatvāya—for liberation; kalpate—becomes eligible