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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18 Verse 41

भगवद् गीता अध्याय 18 श्लोक 41

ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परंतप।
कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः।।18.41।।

हिंदी अनुवाद - स्वामी तेजोमयानंद

।।18.41।। हे परन्तप ब्राह्मणों? क्षत्रियों? वैश्यों और शूद्रों के कर्म? स्वभाव से उत्पन्न गुणों के अनुसार विभक्त किये गये हैं।।

Kumara Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

The word svabhava means ones inherent nature. This inherent nature arises from samskaras or past impressions and karma or reactions from past actions and is the root cause of determining birth as a Brahmin. The three gunas or modes of material nature arising from prakriti or the material substratum pervading all existence are determined by karma and samskaras as well. The predominating attribute of the Brahmins or spiritual class is sattva guna the mode of goodness. The predominating characteristic of the ksatriya or administrative class is raja guna the mode of passion. The predominating characteristic of the vaisyas or mercantile class is tama guna mixed with raja guna and the predominating characteristic of the sudras is only tama guna. Duties and responsibilities vary according to position and status in society as assigned by the Vedic scriptures. It is the Vedic scriptures which defines what qualities are possessed by Brahmins and what are the duties proper to their status as well as what occupations they may engage in. This Vedic directive applies to the other orders in society as well.