Bhagavad Gita Chapter 18 Verse 13
भगवद् गीता अध्याय 18 श्लोक 13

पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे।
सांख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम्।।18.13।।



हिंदी अनुवाद - स्वामी रामसुख दास जी ( भगवद् गीता 18.13)
।।18.13।।हे महाबाहो कर्मोंका अन्त करनेवाले सांख्यसिद्धान्तमें सम्पूर्ण कर्मोंकी सिद्धिके लिये ये पाँच कारण बताये गये हैं? इनको तू मेरेसे समझ।


English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's
18.13 O mighty-armed one, nibodha, learn; me, from Me; imani, these; panca, five; karanani, factors, accessories, which are going to be stated-for drawing the attention of his (Arjunas) mind and for showing the difference among these categories [Categories: locus (body) etc], the Lord praises those accessories in the succeeding verses as fit for being known-; siddhaye, for the accomplishment; sarva-karmanam, of all actions; proktani, which have been spoken of; sankhye, in Vedanta-sankhya is that scripture where the subject-matters [In the sentence, Thou art That, the word Thou means the individual Self, and That means Brahman. The comprehension of their unity, and also hearing, reflection and meditation are referred to as the subject-matters.] to be known are fully (samyak) stated (khyayante)-; krtante, in which actions terminate. Krtante alifies that very word (Vedanta).
Krtam mean action. That in which occurs the culmination (anta) of that krtam is krtantam, i.e. the termination of actions. In the texts, ৷৷.as much utility as a man has in a well (2.46), and O son of Prtha, all actions in their totality culminate in Knowledge (4.33), the Lord shows the cessation of all actions when the knowledge of the Self dawns. Hence (it is said): ৷৷.which have been spoken of in that Vedanta where actions culminate and which is meant for the knowledge of the Self.
Which are they? This is being answered:


English Translation of Commentary  - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan
18.13 See Comment under 18.17


English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary
18.13 Sankhya means Buddhi (reasoning). Sankhya-krtanta means that which is determined after due deliberations by the Buddhi in accordance with the Vedas on the nature of the things as they are. Learn them from Me. There are five causes for the accomplishment of all actions. But the understanding according to the Vedas (Vaidiki-buddhi) is that the Supreme Self alone is the agent working through body, senses, Pranas and the individual self, as asserted in the following Srutis:  He who, dwelling in the self, who rules the self from within your self, the Inner Ruler, immortal (Br. U. Madh., 3.7.22), and He who has penetrated the interior, is the Ruler of all creatures and the Self of all (Tai. A., 3.11.3).

Sri Krsna nows sets forth the five causes:


Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 18.13Panchaitaani mahaabaaho kaaranaani nibodha me;
Saankhye kritaante proktaani siddhaye sarvakarmanaam.


Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 18.13pañcha—five; etāni—these; mahā-bāho—mighty-armed one; kāraṇāni—causes; nibodha—listen; me—from me; sānkhye—of Sānkya; kṛita-ante—stop reactions of karmas; proktāni—explains; siddhaye—for the accomplishment; sarva—all; karmaṇām—of karmas