इदमद्य मया लब्धमिमं प्राप्स्ये मनोरथम्।
इदमस्तीदमपि मे भविष्यति पुनर्धनम्।।16.13।।
।।16.13।।इतनी वस्तुएँ तो हमने आज प्राप्त कर लीं और अब इस मनोरथको प्राप्त (पूरा) कर लेंगे।,इतना धन तो हमारे पास है ही? इतना धन फिर हो जायगा।
।।16.13।। मैंने आज यह पाया है और इस मनोरथ को भी प्राप्त करूंगा? मेरे पास यह इतना धन है और इससे भी अधिक धन भविष्य में होगा।।
।।16.13।। व्याख्या -- इदमद्य मया लब्धमिमं प्राप्स्ये मनोरथम् -- आसुरी प्रकृतिवाले व्यक्ति लोभके परायण होकर मनोरथ करते रहते हैं कि हमने अपने उद्योगसे? बुद्धिमानीसे? चतुराईसे? होशियारीसे? चालाकीसे इतनी वस्तुएँ तो आज प्राप्त कर लीं? इतनी और प्राप्त कर लेंगे। इतनी वस्तुएँ तो हमारे पास हैं? इतनी और वहाँसे आ जायँगी। इतना धन व्यापारसे आ जायगा। हमारा बड़ा लड़का इतना पढ़ा हुआ है अतः इतना धन और वस्तुएँ तो उसके विवाहमें आ ही जायँगी। इतना धन टैक्सकी चोरीसे बच जायगा? इतना जमीनसे आ जायगा? इतना मकानोंके किरायेसे आ जायगा? इतना ब्याजका आ जायगा? आदिआदि।इदमस्तीदमपि मे भविष्यति पुनर्धनम् -- जैसेजैसे उनका लोभ बढ़ता जाता है? वैसेहीवैसे उनके मनोरथ भी बढ़ते जाते हैं। जब उनका चिन्तन बढ़ जाता है? तब वे चलतेफिरते हुए? कामधंधा करते हुए? भोजन करते हुए? मलमूत्रका त्याग करते हुए और यदि नित्यकर्म (पाठपूजाजप आदि) करते हैं तो उसे करते हुए भी धन कैसे बढ़े इसका चिन्तन करते रहते हैं। इतनी दूकानें? मिल? कारखाने तो हमने खोल दिये हैं? इतने और खुल जायँ। इतनी गायेंभैंसे? भेड़बकरियाँ आदि तो हैं ही? इतनी और हो जायँ। इतनी जमीन तो हमारे पास है? पर यह बहुत थोड़ी है? किसी तरहसे और मिल जाय तो बहुत अच्छा हो जायगा। इस प्रकार धन आदि बढ़ानेके विषयमें उनके मनोरथ होते हैं। जब उनकी दृष्टि अपने शरीर तथा परिवारपर जाती है? तब वे उस विषयमें मनोरथ करने लग जाते हैं कि अमुकअमुक दवाएँ सेवन करनेसे शरीर ठीक रहेगा। अमुकअमुक चीजें इकट्ठी कर ली जायँ? तो हम सुख और आरामसे रहेंगे। एयरकण्डीशनवाली गा़ड़ी मँगवा लें? जिससे बाहरकी गरमी न लगे। ऊनके ऐसे वस्त्र मँगवा लें? जिससे सरदी न लगे। ऐसा बरसाती कोट या छाता मँगवा लें? जिससे वर्षासे शरीर गीला न हो। ऐसेऐसे गहनेकपड़े और श्रृंगार आदिकी सामग्री मँगवा लें? जिससे हम खूब सुन्दर दिखायी दें? आदिआदि।ऐसे मनोरथ करतेकरते उनको यह याद नहीं रहता कि हम बूढ़े हो जायँगे तो इस सामग्रीका क्या करेंगे और मरते समय यह सामग्री हमारे क्या काम आयेगी अन्तमें इस सम्पत्तिका मालिक कौन होगा बेटा तो कपूत है अतः वह सब नष्ट कर देगा। मरते समय यह धनसम्पत्ति खुदको दुःख देगी। इस सामग्रीके लोभके कारण ही मुझे बेटाबेटीसे डरना पड़ता है? और नौकरोंसे डरना पड़ता है कि कहीं ये लोग हड़ताल न कर दें। प्रश्न -- दैवीसम्पत्तिको धारण करके साधन करनेवाले साधकके मनमें भी कभीकभी व्यापार आदिके कार्यको लेकर (इस श्लोककी तरह) इतना काम हो गया? इतना काम करना बाकी है और इतना काम आगे हो जायगा इतना पैसा आ गया है और इतना वहाँपर टैक्स देना है आदि स्फुरणाएँ होती हैं। ऐसी ही स्फुरणाएँ जडताका उद्देश्य रखनेवाले आसुरीसम्पत्तिवालोंके मनमें भी होती हैं? तो इन दोनोंकी वृत्तियोंमें क्या अन्तर हुआ उत्तर -- दोनोंकी वृत्तियाँ एकसी दीखनेपर भी उनमें बड़ा अन्तर है। साधकका उद्देश्य परमात्मप्राप्तिका होता है अतः वह उन वृत्तियोंमें तल्लीन नहीं होता। परन्तु आसुरी प्रकृतिवालोंका उद्देश्य धन इकट्ठा करने और भोग भोगनेका रहता है अतः वे उन वृत्तियोंमें ही तल्लीन होते हैं। तात्पर्य यह है कि दोनोंके उद्देश्य भिन्नभिन्न होनेसे दोनोंमें बड़ा भारी अन्तर है।
।।16.13।। यह श्लोक स्वत स्पष्ट है। सामान्य लोग इसी प्रकार का जीवन जीते हैं। प्रतिस्पर्धा से पूर्ण इस जगत् में उस व्यक्ति को सफल समझा जाता है? जिसके पास अधिकतम धन हो। अत मनुष्य को जितना अधिक धन प्राप्त होता है? उससे उसकी सन्तुष्टि नहीं होती। धनार्जन की इस धारणा में हास्यास्पद विरोधाभास यह है कि धन प्राप्ति से सन्तोष होने के स्थान पर अधिकाधिक धन की इच्छा बढ़ती जाती है। आज तक किसी भी भौतिकवादी धनी व्यक्ति ने अपने धन को पर्याप्त नहीं माना है।इसके विपरीत स्थितप्रज्ञ पुरुष के लक्षण बताते हुए गीता में कहा गया है कि ज्ञानी पुरुष की परिपूर्णता ऐसी होती है कि जगत् के विषय उसके मन में किंचित् भी विकार उत्पन्न नहीं करते हैं? और वही पुरुष वास्तविक शान्ति प्राप्त करता है? न कि कामी पुरुष।इस श्लोक में आसुरी पुरुष का भौतिक वस्तुओं के संबंध में दृष्टिकोण बताया गया है? अब अगले श्लोक में उसके व्यक्तिविषयक दृष्टिकोण को,बताते हैं।
16.13 This has been gained by me today; I shall acire this desired object. This is in hand; again, this wealth also will come to me.
16.13 This has been gained by me today; this desire of mine I shall fuffil; this is mine and this wealth also shall be mine in future.
16.13. This has been gained by me to-day; this object of my desire I shall attain in future; this is mine [now]; and this wealth also shall be mine [soon];
16.13 इदम् this? अद्य today? मया by me? लब्धम् has been gained? इमम् this? प्राप्स्ये (I) shall obtain? मनोरथम् desire? इदम् this? अस्ति is? इदम् this? अपि also? मे to me? भविष्यति shall be? पुनः again? धनम् wealth.Commentary I will be able to acire all that the world possesses. Then I will be the lord of all wealth. No one will be eal to me on the surface of this earth.In future Next year this wealth also shall be mine. I will be known to the world as a man of immense wealth. People will address me as my lord.These demons (who think like this) become selfconceited on account of their wealth. Their heads are swollen with pride. They regard everyone else as worthless as straw. Pride of wealth destroyes their power of discrimination. They strive for happiness but they never obtain it. They are entangled in the meshes of Maya. They are wedded to sin and misry here and hereafter.
16.13 Idam, this thing; labham, has been gained; maya, by me; adya, today; prapsye, I shall acire; idam, this other; manoratham, desired object which is delectable to the mind. And idam, this; asti, is in hand; punah, again; idam, this; dhanam, wealth; api, also; bhavisyati, will come; me, to me, in the next year. Thery I shall become rich and famous.
16.13 See Coment under 16.16
16.13 This land, sons etc., have I gained solely by my ability and not by the help of any higher force. I shall attain this desire also myself and not by good fortune or any other means. This wealth, gained solely by my ability, is with me. And this also shall be mine through my own ability.
No commentary by Sri Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakur.
By describing the parameters by which the demoniac mentality functions, Lord Krishna illustrates the hellish and degraded path they traverse. Ignoring all morality the demoniac think that whatever they find pleasurable is for their enjoyment without restriction and they will scheme to obtain it by any means. The demoniac only respect power and might. Their conception is that might is right and hence they will destroy whatever is an obstacle to fulfilling their ambitions and desires, not hesitating to injure or even kill others. The demoniac think that their ideology is superior and they resort to deception, hypocrisy, intimidation and force to coerce others to believe and accept such a fallacy. The demoniac are captivated by lust, greed and false ego. They make concerted efforts to orchestrate events to try to influence others to acknowledge them as superior and in the process immerse themselves deeper and deeper in illusion. Hence although the demoniac exercise considerable power and various areas of control because they are so completely deluded as defined by their own degraded mentalities they keep themselves enslaved in bondage by incessantly pursuing materialistic desires and mundane goals due to following false ideologies and belief in erroneous concepts.
There is no commentary to Chapter 16, verse 16 by Madhvacarya. There is no commentary to Chapter 16, verse 17 by Madhvacarya.
Lord Krishna uses the word idam meaning this. The idam He is talking about refers to possessions such as wealth, property, family, etc. The demoniac mentality is that all my possessions have been acquired by me alone, by my own efforts and exertions. They believe there is no other power or subtle unseen cause involved. The word manoratham means desirable object and whatever is desirable the demoniac feel it is their right to enjoy regardless of morality. The wealth that they gain by any means lawful or unlawful, or by cheating and stealing they see as moral and rightful as it was gained by their own brain and brawn over others brain and brawn. The demoniac follow the idea that might is right and do not believe in any subjective force or higher power. They forcefully take whatever they desire and are totally unconcerned of any consequences, oblivious to even the possibility that a god or supreme force sanctioning their endeavours could exist. The demoniac feel that they are so powerful that they themselves are gods because they can destroy their enemies as a whim and consider everyone except themselves to be of unimportance. The demoniac think like the following examples illustrate. I am the most powerful. I was born into a dynasty of aristocracy and wealth. Who else in this world is equal to me? Who else by dint of their exertions have acquired every pleasure there is to enjoy and secured so much happiness and stability? I will eat, drink and be merry, enjoying sense gratification to the maximum without restraint. There is no need for me to believe in any god or supreme power; but anyway I will perform some pseudo rituals and imitate some pious activities by ostentatious donations for charity to gain renown so others will think that I am also a great religious personality as well. This is how the demoniac think. The demoniac see themselves as the enjoyers, the manipulators and the controllers, The demoniac believe that they are all powerful, independent, masters of their own destines and independent of any supreme and unseen power; but so deluded are they that they completely ignore the reality that death will come and indiscriminately abduct them from all their possessions. This is mysteriously completely imperceptible to them.
Lord Krishna uses the word idam meaning this. The idam He is talking about refers to possessions such as wealth, property, family, etc. The demoniac mentality is that all my possessions have been acquired by me alone, by my own efforts and exertions. They believe there is no other power or subtle unseen cause involved. The word manoratham means desirable object and whatever is desirable the demoniac feel it is their right to enjoy regardless of morality. The wealth that they gain by any means lawful or unlawful, or by cheating and stealing they see as moral and rightful as it was gained by their own brain and brawn over others brain and brawn. The demoniac follow the idea that might is right and do not believe in any subjective force or higher power. They forcefully take whatever they desire and are totally unconcerned of any consequences, oblivious to even the possibility that a god or supreme force sanctioning their endeavours could exist. The demoniac feel that they are so powerful that they themselves are gods because they can destroy their enemies as a whim and consider everyone except themselves to be of unimportance. The demoniac think like the following examples illustrate. I am the most powerful. I was born into a dynasty of aristocracy and wealth. Who else in this world is equal to me? Who else by dint of their exertions have acquired every pleasure there is to enjoy and secured so much happiness and stability? I will eat, drink and be merry, enjoying sense gratification to the maximum without restraint. There is no need for me to believe in any god or supreme power; but anyway I will perform some pseudo rituals and imitate some pious activities by ostentatious donations for charity to gain renown so others will think that I am also a great religious personality as well. This is how the demoniac think. The demoniac see themselves as the enjoyers, the manipulators and the controllers, The demoniac believe that they are all powerful, independent, masters of their own destines and independent of any supreme and unseen power; but so deluded are they that they completely ignore the reality that death will come and indiscriminately abduct them from all their possessions. This is mysteriously completely imperceptible to them.
Idamadya mayaa labdham imam praapsye manoratham; Idamasteedamapi me bhavishyati punardhanam.
idam—this; adya—today; mayā—by me; labdham—gained; imam—this; prāpsye—I shall acquire; manaḥ-ratham—desire; idam—this; asti—is; idam—this; api—also; me—mine; bhaviṣhyati—in future; punaḥ—again; dhanam—wealth; asau—that; mayā—by me; hataḥ—has been destroyed; śhatruḥ—enemy; haniṣhye—I shall destroy; cha—and; aparān—others; api—also; īśhvaraḥ—God; aham—I; aham—I; bhogī—the enjoyer; siddhaḥ—powerful; aham—I; bala-vān—powerful; sukhī—happy; āḍhyaḥ—wealthy; abhijana-vān—having highly placed relatives; asmi—me; kaḥ—who; anyaḥ—else; asti—is; sadṛiśhaḥ—like; mayā—to me; yakṣhye—I shall perform sacrifices; dāsyāmi—I shall give alms; modiṣhye—I shall rejoice; iti—thus; ajñāna—ignorance; vimohitāḥ—deluded
