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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 13 Verse 28

भगवद् गीता अध्याय 13 श्लोक 28

समं सर्वेषु भूतेषु तिष्ठन्तं परमेश्वरम्।
विनश्यत्स्वविनश्यन्तं यः पश्यति स पश्यति।।13.28।।

English Translation - Swami Gambirananda

13.28 He sees who sees the supreme Lord as existing eally in all beings, and as the Imperishable among the perishable.

English Translation - Swami Sivananda

13.28 He sees, who sees the Supreme Lord, existing eally in all beings, the unperishing within the perishing.

English Translation - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

13.28. Whosoever perceives the Supreme Lord as abiding and as non-perishing in all beings alike, while they perish - he perceives properly.

English Commentary - Swami Sivananda

13.28 समम् eally? सर्वेषु (in) all? भूतेषु in beings? तिष्ठन्तम् existing? परमेश्वरम् the Supreme Lord? विनश्यस्तु among the perishing? अविनश्यन्तम् the unperishing? यः who? पश्यति sees? सः he? पश्यति sees.Commentary He who beholds the Supreme Lord through the inner eye of wisdom? Him Who is seated in all beings from the Creator down to the unmoving objects and Who is not destroyed even when all beings are destroyed? he is said to have realised the Self.In different kinds of fire? the heat is the same. Gold is the same in different forms of ornaments. The light from many lamps is the same. So also in all living being?s the soul is the same. The soul or the Self is uniform everywhere. The Self is the same in ants? elephants? kings? beggars? saints and rogues.The Self is indestructible all living beings are perishable. It is the Supreme Lord when compared to the body? senses? mind? intellect? the Unmanifested Nature and the individual soul.Birth is the root cause of the BhavaVikaras or the modifications? viz.? change? growth? decay and death. The other changes of state manifest themselves after the birth of the body.The Supreme Lord is one and changeless as He is birthless? decayless and deathless. He is the one common consciousness in all beings. He sees rightly who sees the Supreme Lord as now described. He is a Jivanmukta. He has knowledge of the knower of the field or the immortal Self. He is the real seer or a liberated sage.The sage alone sees properly on account of knowledge. The whole world sees erroneously on account of ignorance. He who is suffering from defective vision beholds many moons. He sees erroneously. But he who sees one moon only sees in the proper manner? correctly. Even so he who beholds the one immortal indivisible Self in all beings really sees the Truth. He alone sees. He who sees many distinct selves erroneously does not really see though he sees. He is like the man who beholds many moons. (Cf.VIII.20

English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's

13.28 Sah, he; pasyati, sees; yah, who; pasyati, sees;-whom?-parameswaram, the supreme Lord-the Lord who is supreme as compared with the body, organs, mind, intellect, the Unmanifest and the individual soul; as tisthantam, existing, having His presence; samam, eally, without distinction;-where?-sarvesu, in all; bhutesu, beings, all living things from Brahma to the non-moving;-he who sees Him existing eally in all living things. The Lord specifies them by the word vinasyatsu, among the perishable; and He also specifies Him, the supreme Lord, by the word avinasyantam, the Imperishable. This is meant for showing the absolute difference between the living things and God. How? For, all the modifications [See note 3 on p.38.-Tr.] of an existing thing have as their root that modification of an existing thing described as birth. All other modifications of existing things that follow birth end with destruction. After destruction there is no modification of an existing thing, because the object itself becomes nonexistent. Indeed, alities can exist so long as the thing alified exists. Therefore, by the reiteration of the absence of the last modification of an existing thing, all its preceding modifications become negated along with their effects. Hence it is established that the supreme Lord is very greatly different from all beings, and is also Unconditioned [Free from all modifications that things are subject to.] and One. He sees who thus sees the supreme Lord as described. Objection: Is it not that all poeple see? What is the need of specification? Reply: True, they see; but they see contrarily! Hence the Lord specifies, He alone sees. As in comparison with one who, suffering from the (eye) disease called Timira, sees many moons, the person who sees one moon is distingusihed by saying, He alone sees, similarly, here as well, the man who sees the one undivided Self as described above is distinguished from those who contrarily see many and differentiated selves, by saying He alone sees. Others, though seeing, do not see because they see contrarily like the person who sees many moons. This is the meaning. The obove-described true knowledge has to be praised by stating its result. Hence the verse begins:

English Translation of Commentary - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

13.28 Sri Abhinavagupta did not comment upon this sloka.

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary

13.28 He who sees the Atman as It really is - he is the one who sees the Atman as a distinct entity in all embodied beings that are composed of Prakrti and Purusa, even in bodies of diverse nature of gods, men etc. The true seer is one who sees the Atman as the supreme ruler in all these bodies as the imperishable self, though the bodies are subject to destruction. Conversely the purport is that he who sees the Atman, only as characterised by the uneal forms of the bodies as men, gods etc., and as possessed of birth, death etc. - such a person is perpetually caught up in transmigratory existence.

Commentary - Chakravarthi Ji

One should therefore know paramatma in this way. He who sees the paramatma situated in the destructible bodies (vinasyatsu) of all beings, actually sees. He is an actual jnani.

Rudra Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Having previously declared that transmigratory existence arises due to lack of proper discrimination between spirit and matter. Lord Krishna now instructs the difference between the atma or immortal soul and prakriti the material substratum pervading physical existence, which by knowing has the potency to terminate samsara or the perpetual cycle of birth and death. He reveals that one who sees the Supreme Lord in His manifestation of paramatma the Supreme Soul existing equally within all jivas or embodied beings and everything inanimate as the brahman or spiritual substratum pervading all existence. Such a person understands that no jiva actually perishes when the body perishes as every atma is eternal. Such an enlightened seeing equally perfectly perceives the actual truth of reality which others are incapable of recognising.

Brahma Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Shri Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Lord Krishna confirms with the words pasyati meaning perceives or discriminates that one who realises that paramatma or the Supreme Soul existing equally within all jivas or embodied beings is the ksetrajna or knower of the sphere of activity and that it is distinctly distinguished from prakriti the material substratum pervading physical existence which manifests as unlimited forms such as demigod, human, animal, etc. In other words recognising the Supreme Lord as the same omnipresent eternal consciousness localised within each and every living entity and realising that it is singular. Also distinguishing the fact that while all physical bodies decay and perish; the atma or individual immortal soul does not ever decay or perish because it has an eternal, transcendental nature. This is confirmed in the Vishnu Purana: VI.VII.LVIII beginning pradhanadi viseshantam meaning: the undecaying within the decaying. One who correctly comprehends the atma in this manner properly perceives reality. But one who thinks that the atma is subject to birth and death and that it is modifiable and variable like the forms of living entities which are always changing; then such a person will always remained confined in samsara or the perpetual cycle of birth and death in material existence.

Kumara Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Lord Krishna confirms with the words pasyati meaning perceives or discriminates that one who realises that paramatma or the Supreme Soul existing equally within all jivas or embodied beings is the ksetrajna or knower of the sphere of activity and that it is distinctly distinguished from prakriti the material substratum pervading physical existence which manifests as unlimited forms such as demigod, human, animal, etc. In other words recognising the Supreme Lord as the same omnipresent eternal consciousness localised within each and every living entity and realising that it is singular. Also distinguishing the fact that while all physical bodies decay and perish; the atma or individual immortal soul does not ever decay or perish because it has an eternal, transcendental nature. This is confirmed in the Vishnu Purana: VI.VII.LVIII beginning pradhanadi viseshantam meaning: the undecaying within the decaying. One who correctly comprehends the atma in this manner properly perceives reality. But one who thinks that the atma is subject to birth and death and that it is modifiable and variable like the forms of living entities which are always changing; then such a person will always remained confined in samsara or the perpetual cycle of birth and death in material existence.

Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 13.28

Samam sarveshu bhooteshu tishthantam parameshwaram; Vinashyatswavinashyantam yah pashyati sa pashyati.

Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 13.28

samam—equally; sarveṣhu—in all; bhūteṣhu—beings; tiṣhṭhan-tam—accompanying; parama-īśhvaram—Supreme Soul; vinaśhyatsu—amongst the perishable; avinaśhyantam—the imperishable; yaḥ—who; paśhyati—see; saḥ—they; paśhyati—perceive