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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 11 Verse 39

भगवद् गीता अध्याय 11 श्लोक 39

वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः
प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च।
नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः
पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते।।11.39।।

English Translation - Swami Gambirananda

11.39 You are Air, Death, Fire, the god of the waters, the moon, the Lord of the creatures, and the Greater-grandfather. Salutations! Salutation be to You a thousand times; salutation to You again and again! Salutation!

English Translation - Swami Sivananda

11.39 Thou art Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the Creator, and the great-grandfather. Salutations, salutations unto Thee, a thousand times, and again salutations, salutations unto Thee.

English Translation - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

11.39. You are Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the Moon, Prajapati and the Great-paternal-grand-father; Salutation and salutation thousand times to You; and again also more salutation and salutation to You.

English Commentary - Swami Sivananda

11.39 वायुः Vayu? यमः Yama? अग्निः Agni? वरुणः Varuna? शशाङ्कः moon? प्रजापतिः Prajapati? त्वम् Thou? प्रपितामहः greatgrandfather? च and? नमःनमः salutations? ते to Thee? अस्तु be? सहस्रकृत्वः thousand times? पुनः again? च and? भूयः again? अपि also ? नमःनमः salutations? ते to Thee.Commentary Prajapati Marichi and others were the seven mindborn sons of Brahma. Kasyapa descended from Marichi and from Kasyapa came all other progeny. Therefore? Marichi? Kasyapa and others are known as Prajapatis or the gods or progeny. The word Prajapati here is interpreted by some as Kasyapa and other Prajapatis. But as the word has been used here in the singular number it is appropriate to take Brahma as Prajapati. Brahma is the grandfather (Pitamaha) of Kasyapa. Brahma or the Hiranyagarbha is the Karya Brahman (effect). Isvara is the Karana Brahman (the cause for Brahma). Therefore? Isvara is the greatgrandfather. He is the father of,even Brahma.Isvara has Maya as the limiting adjunct. Maya is His causal body. Isvara has no plane. Maya is in an undifferentiated state. She is in a state where the alities of Nature (Gunas) are in eilibrium. When the eilibrium is disturbed through the will of Isvara? the three Gunas? Brahma? Vishnu and Siva manifest.Thou art the moon alludes to and includes the sun also.Punah? Bhuyah Again. Salutations a thousand times and again salutations. This indicates that Arjuna had intense faith in and boundless devotion for Lord Krishna. He was not satisfied even if he prostrated himself a thousand times.

English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's

11.39 You are vayuh, Air; yamah, Death; and agnih, Fire; varunah, the god of the waters; sasankah, the moon; prajapatih, the Lord of the creatures- Kasyapa and others [See note on p.2.-Tr.]; and pra-pitamahah, the Great-grandfather, i.e. the Father ever of Brahma (Hiranyagarbha). Namo, salutations; namah, salutation; astu, be; te, to You; sahasra-krtvah, a thousand times. Punah ca bhuyah api namo te, salutation to You again and again; namah, salutation! The suffix krtvasuc (after sahasra) indicates performance and repetition of the act of salutation a number of times. The words punah ca bhuyah api (again and again) indicate his own dissatisfaction [Dissatisfaction with only a few salutations.] owing to abundance of reverence and devotion. So also,

English Translation of Commentary - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

11.39 See comment under 11.40.

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary

11.39 You alone are the great-grandsire of all and also grandfather etc. The Prajapatis are the fathers of all creatures. Hiranyagarbha (Brahma), the father of the Prajapatis, is the grandsire of all creatures. You, being the father of even Hiranyagarbha, are great grandfather of all creatures. You alone are denoted by the several terms by which these beings are known. Such is the meaning. Beholding the Lord in a most marvellous form, Arjuna, bent with great awe, saluted Him from all sides with his eyes widely open from joy.

Commentary - Chakravarthi Ji

No commentary by Sri Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakur.

Rudra Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Naming the various demigods which are Lord Krishnas vibhuti or divine transcendental opulences are stated to imply that He is the sum total of all the demigods as He is even the progentitor of the grandsire Brahma responsible for visargah or secondary creation. At this time due to feelings of excessive devotion, reverence and anxiety Arjuna offers his own obeisances sahasra-krtvah meaning 1000s and 1000s of times and not being satisfied offers humble prostrations many, many times upon the ground before Lord Krishna.

Brahma Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Here it is inferred that Lord Krishna is the composite total of all the demigods beginning with Vayu the demigod in charge of the wind due to the fact that they all are parts of His vibhuti or divine transcendental opulence. Va symbolises strength and aya symbolises wisdom which in their unlimited forms are qualities of the Supreme Lord. Since He is fully complete and resplendent within Himself various demigods are mentioned such agni or fire and varunah or ocean which represent His vibhuti or divine transcenndental opulence. Thus they manifest in unlimited ways.

Shri Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Lord Krishna is origin of Vishnu who is the origin of Brahma who is the origin of the Prajapatis who are the physical patriarchs of all creatures. All the demigods and any other kind of god find their source in Him as well. He is known as Hiranyagarbha the indwelling soul of all living entities. Comprehending the reality of all these things as part of the magnificently majestic pageant of the Supreme Lord, Arjuna with joy elated heart and eyes brimming with tears prostrated himself unto Lord Krishna again and again from every side with trepidation.

Kumara Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Lord Krishna is origin of Vishnu who is the origin of Brahma who is the origin of the Prajapatis who are the physical patriarchs of all creatures. All the demigods and any other kind of god find their source in Him as well. He is known as Hiranyagarbha the indwelling soul of all living entities. Comprehending the reality of all these things as part of the magnificently majestic pageant of the Supreme Lord, Arjuna with joy elated heart and eyes brimming with tears prostrated himself unto Lord Krishna again and again from every side with trepidation.

Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 11.39

Vaayuryamo’gnirvarunah shashaankahPrajaapatistwam prapitaamahashcha; Namo namaste’stu sahasrakritwahPunashcha bhooyo’pi namo namaste.

Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 11.39

vāyuḥ—the god of wind; yamaḥ—the god of death; agniḥ—the god of fire; varuṇaḥ—the god of water; śhaśha-aṅkaḥ—the moon-God; prajāpatiḥ—Brahma; tvam—you; prapitāmahaḥ—the great-grandfather; cha—and; namaḥ—my salutations; namaḥ—my salutations; te—unto you; astu—let there be; sahasra-kṛitvaḥ—a thousand times; punaḥ cha—and again; bhūyaḥ—again; api—also; namaḥ—(offering) my salutations; namaḥ te—offering my salutations unto you