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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1 Verse 21

भगवद् गीता अध्याय 1 श्लोक 21

अर्जुन उवाच
हृषीकेशं तदा वाक्यमिदमाह महीपते।
सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय मेऽच्युत।।1.21।।

हिंदी अनुवाद - स्वामी रामसुख दास जी ( भगवद् गीता 1.21)

।।1.21 1.22।।अर्जुन बोले हे अच्युत दोनों सेनाओंके मध्यमें मेरे रथको आप तबतक खड़ा कीजिये? जबतक मैं युद्धक्षेत्रमें खड़े हुए इन युद्धकी इच्छावालोंको देख न लूँ कि इस युद्धरूप उद्योगमें मुझे किनकिनके साथ युद्ध करना योग्य है।

हिंदी अनुवाद - स्वामी तेजोमयानंद

।।1.21।।अर्जुन ने कहा हे अच्युत मेरे रथ को दोनों सेनाओं के मध्य खड़ा कीजिये।

हिंदी टीका - स्वामी रामसुख दास जी

 1.21।। व्याख्या अच्युत सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये रथं स्थापय   दोनों सेनाएँ जहाँ युद्ध करनेके लिये एकदूसरेके सामने खड़ी थीं वहाँ उन दोनों सेनाओंमें इतनी दूरी थी कि एक सेना दूसरी सेनापर बाण आदि मार सके। उन दोनों सेनाओंका मध्यभाग दो तरफसे मध्य था (1) सेनाएँ जितनी चौड़ी खड़ी थीं उस चौड़ाईका मध्यभाग और (2) दोनों सेनाओंका मध्यभाग जहाँसे कौरवसेना जितनी दूरीपर खड़ी थी उतनी ही दूरीपर पाण्डवसेना खड़ी थी। ऐसे मध्यभागमें रथ खड़ा करनेके लिये अर्जुन भगवान्से कहते हैं जिससे दोनों सेनाओंको आसानीसे देखा जा सके। सेनयोरुभयोर्मध्ये  पद गीतामें तीन बार आया है यहाँ (1। 21 में) इसी अध्यायके चौबीसवें श्लोकमें और दूसरे अध्यायके दसवें श्लोकमें। तीन बार आनेका तात्पर्य है कि पहले अर्जुन शूरवीरताके साथ अपने रथको दोनों सेनाओंके बीचमें खड़ा करनेकी आज्ञा देते हैं (1। 21) फिर भगवान् दोनों सेनाओंके बीचमें रथको खड़ा करके कुरुवंशियोंको देखनेके लिये कहते हैं (1। 24) और अन्तमें दोनों सेनाओंके बीचमें ही विषादमग्न अर्जुनको गीताका उपदेश देते हैं (2। 10)। इस प्रकार पहले अर्जुनमें शूरवीरता थी बीचमें कुटुम्बियोंको देखनेसे मोहके कारण उनकी युद्धसे उपरति हो गयी और अन्तमें उनको भगवान्से गीताका महान् उपदेश प्राप्त हुआ जिससे उनका मोह दूर हो गया। इससे यह भाव निकलता है कि मनुष्य जहाँकहीं और जिसकिसी परिस्थितिमें स्थित है वहीं रहकर वह प्राप्त परिस्थितिका सदुपयोग करके निष्काम हो सकता है और वहीं उसको परमात्माकी प्राप्ति हो सकती है। कारण कि परमात्मा सम्पूर्ण परिस्थितियोंमें सदा एकरूपसे रहते हैं। यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं ৷৷. रणसमुद्यमे  दोनों सेनाओंके बीचमें रथ कबतक खड़ा करें इसपर अर्जुन कहते हैं कि युद्धकी इच्छाको लेकर कौरवसेनामें आये हुए सेनासहित जितने भी राजालोग खड़े हैं उन सबको जबतक मैं देख न लूँ तबतक आप रथको वहीं खड़ा रखिये। इस युद्धके उद्योगमें मुझे किनकिनके साथ युद्ध करना है उनमें कौन मेरे समान बलवाले हैं कौन मेरे से कम बलवाले हैं और कौन मेरेसे अधिक बलवाले हैं उन सबको मैं जरा देख लूँ।यहाँ  योद्धुकामान्  पदसे अर्जुन कह रहे हैं कि हमने तो सन्धिकी बात ही सोची थी पर उन्होंने सन्धिकी बात स्वीकार नहीं की क्योंकि उनके मनमें युद्ध करनेकी ज्यादा इच्छा है। अतः उनको मैं देखूँ कि कितने बलको लेकर वे युद्ध करनेकी इच्छा रखते हैं।

हिंदी टीका - स्वामी चिन्मयानंद जी

।।1.21।। No commentary.

English Translation - Swami Gambirananda

1.21 Arjuna said O Acyuta, please place my chariot between both the armies .

English Translation - Swami Sivananda

1.21 Arjuna said In the middle between the two armies, place my chariot, O krishna, so that I may behold those who stand here desirous to fight, and know with whom I must fight, when the battle is about to commence.

English Translation - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

1.21. Arjuna said O Acyuta! Please halt my chariot at a centre place between the two armies, so that I may scrutinize these men who are standing with desire to fight and with whom I have to fight in this great war-effort.

English Commentary - Swami Sivananda

1.21 -- 1.22 सेनयोः of the armies? उभयोः of both? मध्ये in the middle? रथम् car? स्थापय place? मे my? अच्युत O Achyuta (O changeless? Krishna)? यावत् while? एतान् these? निरीक्षे behold? अहम् I? योद्धुकामान् desirous to fight? अवस्थितान् standing? कैः with whom? मया by me? सह together? योद्धव्यम् must be fought? अस्मिन् in this? रणसमुद्यमे eve of battle.No Commentary.

English Translation of Sanskrit Commentary By Sri Shankaracharya's

1.21 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.

English Translation of Commentary - Dr. S. Sankaranarayan

1.12 1.29 Sri Abhinavgupta did not comment upon this sloka.

English Translation of Ramanuja's Sanskrit Commentary

1.20 - 1.25 Arjuna said - Sanjaya said Thus, directed by him, Sri Krsna did immediately as He had been directed, while Bhisma, Drona and others and all the kings were looking on. Such is the prospect of victory for your men.

Commentary - Chakravarthi Ji

No commentary by Sri Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakur.

Rudra Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Addressing Lord Krishna again as Acutya the infallible one, Arjuna requested Him to place the chariot between the two armies. Why would Arjuna request that the chariot be placed between the two armies like a spectator? It was so he could see those with whom he would soon be fighting.

Brahma Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Madhvacarya has no commentary so we present Baladeva Vidyabhusanas. Arjuna is now speaking beginning with the words: senayor ubhayor. By saying O Acyuta meaning infallible, Arjuna addresses Lord Krishna as the one who is never contrary to His inherent qualities of affection for His devotees and His Supreme Majesty and so he states thus being guided by those very qualities place my chariot as I have instructed. The reason for placing the chariot as instructed is being explained by the verse beginning: yavad etan. The Kauravas are only desirous of war not peace and externally appear unmoved by trepidation. One might say that Arjuna is a warrior not a spectator, so what is the necessity of viewing the enemy? The answer to this is that since the battle is taking place between relatives, Arjuna desires to see just what friends have joined the ranks of the enemy that he will have to fight. If it is argued that out of friendship these friends seeing him would want to make a truce, the answer is given by the verse beginning with: yotsyamanan meaning they have only come to fight.

Shri Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

There is no commentary for this verse.

Kumara Vaishnava Sampradaya - Commentary

Addressing Lord Krishna as Acutya, the infallible one, Sanjaya repeats Arjuna request to Lord Krishna to position the chariot in the middle, between the two firmly opposing armies indicating the mighty strength of Lord Krishna firmness on all sides. There is no rule of warfare stating that one should fight in only one place. Yet why should Arjuna request to have the chariot stationed between the two armies? In this verse he states that he wishes to observe those arrayed against him desiring to fight. If it is asked has he come to witness the battle as a spectator or to fight? Arjuna has no intention of being a spectator; but to see those opponents who he is worthy to fight against and who are worthy to fight against him.

Transliteration Bhagavad Gita 1.21

Arjuna Uvaacha: Senayor ubhayormadhye ratham sthaapaya me’chyuta.Yaavad etaan nireekshe’ham yoddhukaamaan avasthitaan; Kair mayaa saha yoddhavyam asmin ranasamudyame.

Word Meanings Bhagavad Gita 1.21

arjunaḥ uvācha—Arjun said; senayoḥ—armies; ubhayoḥ—both; madhye—in the middle; ratham—chariot; sthāpaya—place; me—my; achyuta—Shree Krishna, the infallible One; yāvat—as many as; etān—these; nirīkṣhe—look; aham—I; yoddhu-kāmān—for the battle; avasthitān—arrayed; kaiḥ—with whom; mayā—by me; saha—together; yoddhavyam—must fight; asmin—in this; raṇa-samudyame—great combat